Drug-induced Skin Eruptions

This guide is not complete and is NOT under continuous updating. Your comments and complements are welcome. As you can see, the text contains and Greek characters which (I hope) they don't bother other Dermatologists outside Greece to take the information they want... The commercial names marked with (Τ) concern the drugs which are used in Greece. In the future, my aim is to offer this page and in Greek.

Acanthosis nigricans: Systemic corticosteroids, nicotinic acid, estrogens (eg. diethylstilbestrol), insulin (local injection), pituitary extract, triazinate {possibly, (Τ ) Antifol}, methyltestosterone, oral contraceptives, fusidic acid (topical application)..
Acne (provocation or exacerbation): acyclovir, alosetron, alprazolam, amitriptyline, amobarbital, amoxapine, atorvastatin, azathioprine, betaxolol, bexarotene, bisoprolol, buspirone, cabergoline, carteolol, cefamandole, cefpodoxime, ceftazidime, cetirizine, chloral hydrate, cidofovir, cimetidine, ciprofloxacin, clofazimine, clomiphene, clomipramine, corticosteroids, cyanocobalamin, cyclosporine, dactinomycin, danazol, dantrolene, deferoxamine, demeclocycline, desipramine, diazepam, diltiazem, disulfiram, eflornithine, erythromycin, esmolol, estazolam, estrogens, ethionamide, famotidine, felbamate, fenoprofen, fexofenadine, fluconazole, fluoxetine, fluoxymesterone, fluvoxamine, folic acid, foscarnet, fosphenytoin, gabapentin, ganciclovir, gold & gold compounds, granulocyte colony-stimulating, actor (gcsf), grepafloxacin, haloperidol, halothane, heroin, imipramine, interferons, alfa-2, isoniazid, isotretinoin, lamotrigine, lansoprazole, leflunomide, leuprolide, levothyroxine, lithium, maprotiline, medroxyprogesterone, mephenytoin, mesalamine, methotrexate, methoxsalen, methyltestosterone, minoxidil, mirtazapine, mycophenolate, nabumetone, nafarelin, naratriptan, nefazodone, nimodipine, nisoldipine, nizatidine, nortriptyline, olsalazine, oral contraceptives, oxcarbazepine, pantoprazole, paramethadione, paroxetine, pentobarbital, pentostatin, pergolide, phenobarbital, phenytoin, potassium iodide, primidone, propafenone, propranolol, propylthiouracil, protriptyline, psoralens, pyrazinamide, pyridoxine, quinidine, quinine, ramipril, riboflavin, rifampin, rifapentine, risperidone, ritonavir, saquinavir, sertraline, sibutramine, sirolimus, sparfloxacin, stanozolol, tacrine, testosterone, tiagabine, tizanidine, topiramate, trimethadione, trioxsalen, trovafloxacin, venlafaxine, verapamil, vinblastine, zalcitabine, zaleplon, zidovudine, zolpidem, zonisamide.
Acne, urticata: gestagens.
Acrodynia: mercury.
Alopecia (diffuse): allopurinol, arsenic, apirin, l-asparaginase, bismuth, bleomycin, boric acid, bromocriptine, carbamazepine, carbon monoxide, chlorambucil, chloramphenicol, cimetidine, colchicine, clofibrate, clomiphene citrate, coumarin anticoagulant, cyclophosphamide, cyproterone acetate, dactinomycin, danazol, diethyl carbamazepine, dipyridamole, doxorubicin, ethionamide, etoposide, etretinate, fenifibrate, gentamycin sulphate, guanethidine, heparin (telogen effluvium after 6-16 weeks ), hydroxychloroquine, ibuprofen, idoxuridine, indandione, indomethacin, interferon, iodine, isophosphamide, levamisole, levodopa, lithium, mepacrine, mercury, mesalazine, methisazone, methotrexate, methyl CCNU, methysurgide, metoprolol, mitomycin, mitrexantrone, morphine, nadolol, nafoxidine, nicotinic acid, nicotinyl alcohol, nitrofurantoin sodium, norethisterone, estrogens, oral contraceptives, para aminosalicylate, phenindione, phenprocoumon, potassium thiocyanate, procainamide, propanolol, selenium sulphide, sodium aurothiomalate, sodium valproate, spironolactone, sulphasalazine, tamoxifen, thalium acetate, thiamphenicol, terfenadine, trimethadione, troxidone, vasopressin, vincristine, vindesine, vitamin A, warfarin.
Alopecia Areata: Clomipramine, Cyclosporine, Fluvoxamine, Haloperidol, Imipramine, Interferons, Lithium, Oral Contraceptives, Terbinafine.
Anaphylactic shock: acetylsalicylic acid, ACTH, allergen extracts, aminopyrine, cephalosporins, chymothrypsin, furaltadone, meprovamate, heparin, mercury-containing diuretics, opiates, paraaminosalicylic acid, penicillin, pituitary extract, procaine, contrast media, suciniloholine, sulfbromophthaleine, tetracaine, tetracycline, thiuracil.
Angioedema: cinchophen, meprobamate, penicillin, silvestrol, sulphonamides, ACE-inhibitors (see also urticaria).
Aphthous Stomatitis: aldesleukin, aspirin, auranofin, aurothioglucose, captopril, cotrimoxazole, cyclosporine, diclofenac, ddC, diflunisal, doxepin, fenoprofen, fluoxetine, flurbiprofen, gold, ibuprofen, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac, meclofenamate, naproxen, NSAIDs, paroxetine, penicillamine, phenylbutazone, piroxicam, sertraline, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, sulfisoxazole, sulindac, tolmetin, trimethoprim, zalcitabine.
Argyria: silver salts.
Arteritis: cyclobarbital, chlorpromazine, iodides, methylthiuracil, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, poison ivy, sulphonamides, thiuracil.
Black hairy tongue: tetracycline, penicillin, methyldopa.
Blisters: acetylsalicylic acid, aurothioglucose, bendroflumethiazide, bromides, chlorthiazide, hydrochlorthiazide, meprovamate, nadisan, piroxicam, trichlormethiazide.
Bowen disease: arsenic, Fowler solution.
Bullae: acetylsalicylic acid, antipyrins, arsenic, barbiturates, bromides, chloral hydrate, chlorpromazine, cinchophen, cumarin, phenytoin, hydantoin, iodides, mesantoin, phenobarbital, promethazine, sodium thiosulphate, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulphonamides, tetracycline.
Bullous pemphigoid: furosemide, salazosulfapyridine, phenacetin, penicillinamide, nadolol.
Candidiasis: amoxycilin, ampicillin, tetracycline and other broad spectrum antibiotics, omeprazole (florid candindiasis of the stomach, esophagus, mouth).
Cyanosis: acetanilide.
Dermatitis: benzocaine, chloral hydrate, methaminodiazepoxide, procaine, ddC.
Dermatitis Herpetiformis, Duhring disease (provocation or exacerbation): amitriptyline, aspirin, cyclophosphamide, diclofenac, doxorubicin, flurbiprofen, halogens, ibuprofen, indomethacin, interferons, alfa levothyroxine, lithium, oral contraceptives, potassium iodide, progesterone, vincristine.
Dermatitis, contact: acetylsalicylic acid, antibiotics (penicillin, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin), sulfonamides, clioquinol, psychotropic agents (chlorpromazine, phenothiazine), meprobamate, antihistamines, promethazine, diuretics (chlorothiazide and analogs), mercury-containing diuretics, antidiabetic drugs, procaine, quinine, quinidine, disulfiram, chloralhydrate, halogens.
Dermatitis, papular: acetazolamide, acetylsalicylic acid, arsenic, aurothioglucose, benzydroflumethazide, chlorthiazide, dactylitis, hydrochlorthiazide, nadisan, penicillin, trichlormethiazide.
Dermatomyositis: acetylsalicylic acid.
Dermographism: famotidine.
Dyshromia: amiodarone, amodiaquine, χημειοθεραπευτικά, chloroquine, estrogens, minocyclin, quinacrine, desipramine (grey-blue). see also Hyperpigmentation
Edema: arsenic, chlorpromazine, nadisan, penicillin, phenytoin, promethazine.
Edema, periorbital: Atracurium, carbamazepine (personal note: petechial exanthem & edema of the eyelid), diltiazem, hydroxyurea, mannitol, methylprednizolone, nifedipine, rifampicin, verapamil, contrast media.
Edema, transient: chloroquine.
Erythema: antipyrins, arsenic, aurothioglucose, barbiturates, bendroflumethiazide, chloral hydrate, chlorthiazide, isonicotinic acid, chlorpropamide, cinchophen, codeine, corticotropin, gold, griseofulvin, hydrochlorthiazide, meprovamate, methaminodiazepoxide, morphine, nadisan, nicotinic acid, opium, penicillin, phenobarbital, pilocarpine, quinacrine, quinidine, quinine, streptomycin, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, thiamine chloride, tolvutamide, trichlormethiazide.
Erythema annulare centrifigum: Ampicillin,amitriptyline, cimetidine, chloroquine, estrogens, gold, hydroxychloroquine, hydrochlorothiazide, penicillin, piroxicam, progesteron, salicylates, spironolactone, terbinafine (psoriasioform, centrifugal type).
Erythema multiforme: acetazolamide, acetylsalicylic acid, amidopyrin, antihistamines, antipyrines, barbiturates, bromides, captopril, ciprofloxacin, chloral hydrate, griseofulvin, iodides, mercury, paraaminosalicylic acid, penicillin, phenobarbital, phenolophthaleine, phenothiazine, phenylbutazone, procain, rifampicin, salicylates, sulfapyridine, suramin, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, sulphonamides.
Erythema nodosum: acetylsalicylic acid, amiodarone, bromides, iodides, oral contraceptives, penicillin, salicylates, sulfathiazole.
Erythematous indurated plaques: heparin.
Erythroderma: allopurinol, actinomycin D, aminosalicylic acid, arsenic, arsphenamine, aurothioglucose, barbiturates, bismuth, carbamazepine, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, quinacrine, quinidine, gold, griseofulvin, hydantoins, hydroxychlorocin, iodides, mercury, mesantoin, penicillin, phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, silvestrol, streptomycin, tetracycline, thiuracil, vitamin A, trimethoprim - sulphamethoxazole, sulphonamides, sulindac.
Fixed drug eruption: Common on the penis (but also everywhere else): ampicillin, tetracycline
Common in the trunk - extremities (but also everywhere else): aspirin.
Other : acetanilide, aminopyrine, aminosalicylic acid, acetaminophen, amphetamines, anovulatory agents, antihistamines, antimonium products, antipyrins, arsenic, barbiturates, belladona, bismuth, bromides, chloral hydrate, chlordiazepoxide, chloroquine, cinchophen, codeine, dapsone, diethylsilvestrol, diphenhydramine, emetine, ephedrin, ergotamine, erythromycin, etretinate (fixed drug eruption of the eye), gold, hydantoin, hydralazine, iodides, ipecacuana, meprovamate, mercury, methenamine, metronidazole, morphine, nystatin, opium, oxyphenbutazone, paraaminosalicylic acid, paracetamol, penicillin, pentaerythritol tetranitrate, phenazone, phenolophthalein, phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenylbutazone, carbamazepine, quinidine, quinacrine, quinine, rauwolfia, reserpin, saccharin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tartar emetic, vermouth, tetracyclines, tetraethylthiuram, tetraiodofluorescein.
Various : lentils, peas, beans, food dyes, food preservatives, tomatoes, alcohol (vermouth - liquers), toothpastes. Some examples : yellow dye in Galliano liqueur; phenolphthalein in maraschino cherries; quinine in tonic water.
Fixed drug eruption, non pigmented: arsphenamine (arsenical), diflunisal, iothalamate, piroxicam, pseudoephedrine, tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, thiopental.
Flushing (face): doxorubicin, acipimox, lacidipine.
Gangrene: cumarin.
Hair, changing color: carbamate, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, mephenesin.
Hair, depigmentation: chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine.
Hirsutism: acetazolamide, cyclosporine, minoxidil, corticosteroids.
Hyperhidrosis: nizatidine.
Hyperpigmentation of skin and/or mucosa: adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), amiodarone (75 % of patients after 40 g cumulative dose or after > 4 months of therapy), antipyrins, arsenic, bismuth, bleomycin (flagellate), busulfan, camoquin, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, clofazimine, cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, estrogen/progesterone (melasma), 5-fluorouracil, gold, hydantoins, hydroxychloroquine, lead, mercury, minocycline, oral contraceptives, phenothiazine, psoralens, quinacrine, quinine, silver, streptomycin, tetracycline, thiuracil, triazinate, zidovudine.
Hyperpigmentation, ochronosis - like: phenol, quinacrine, resorcin, hydroquinone.
Hyperplasia, gingival: lacidipine.
Icthyosis: alloperidol, cimetidine, clofazimine tripanarol (BGR-29), 20,25-Diazacholesterol, Wy-3457.
IgA linear bullous dermatosis: amiodarone, ampicillin, diclofenac, glibenclamid, interferon-γ, interleukin-2, iodine, lithium, penicillin G, polychemotherapy, vancomycin.
Jaundice: aurothioglucose, erythromycin (lauryl sulphate), novobiocin, paraaminosalicylic acid, phenobarbital, thiuracil.
Keratoderma: gold.
Keratoses: arsenic, Fowler solution, gold.
Lentigines: etretinate (multiple, in sun exposed areas).
Lichen planus: captopril, doxazosin, labetalol, levobunolol, prazosin, spironolactone.
Lichenoid eruption: Antimalarials : quinaqrine, chloroquine, quinine, quinidine, pyrimethamine.
Diuretics : thiazide diuretics, furosemide, spironolactone.
Antihypertensives : β-blockers, captopril, enalapril, methyldopa, diazoxide, nifedipine, cinnarizine, flunarizine, metopromazine, chlorpromazine.
Hypoglycemic agents : chlorpropamide, tolazamide.
NSAIDs.
Antituberculous : ethambutol, p-amino salicylic acid, isoniazide, streptomycin.
Antifungals : ketoconazole.
Chemiotherapeutic agents : hydroxyurea, 5-fluorouracil.
Heavy Metals : mercury, arsenic, bismuth.
Various : gold salts, penicillamine, tetracyclines, carbamezepine, procainamide, allopurinol, pyritinol, iodides & radiocontrast media, tiopronin, lithium carbonate, cyanamide, dapsone, amiphenazole, sulfasalazine, mesalazine.
From the above drugs, some of them attack the mucous membrane of the mouth : NSAIDs, gold salts, penicillamine, chlorpropamide, tolazamide, captopril, enalapril, methyldopa, allopurinol, ketoconazole, cyanamide, dental restorative materials.
With Photo - distribution : quinine, quinidine, thiazide diuretics, furosemide, diazoxide, tetracyclines, ethambutol, chlorpromazine, carbamazepine, 5-fu, pyritinol.
Livedo reticularis: quinidine (photosensitive), amantadine.
Lymphadenosis cutis benigna: hydantoin (Sezary type), phenylbutazone, salicylates, phenacetin, menthol.
Maculopapular eruption: acetylsalicylic acid, allopurinol, amoxicillin, ampicillin, atropine, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, bromides, carbamazepin, cephalosporins, chloroquine, chloramphenicol, chlorpromazine, erythromycin, gentamycin, griseofulvin, gold salts (10-20%), hydantoin derivatives, insulin, isoniazid, meprovamate, naproxen, NSAIDs, novobiocin, penicillin, phenylbutazone, phenothiazins, phenytoin, piroxicam, promethazine, quinidine, salicylates, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines (<1%), trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole.
Melasma: phenytoin, hormones (estrogens, oral contraceptives)., Nails, Acquired Anonychia or Onychoatrophy without Pterygium, Retinoid Therapy (Etretinate), Transverse Lines or Beau’s Lines, Cytotoxic Drugs, Splinter Hemorrhages (When first formed, they are plum coloured but darken to brown or black within 1 to 2 days), mainly Tetracyclines, Longitudinal Melanonychia - Multiple Bands, Bleomycin,Busulfan, Daunorubicin, Nitrogen Mustard, Hydroxyurea, Methotrexate, Cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, Psoralens (PUVA), Zidovudine (AZT), Gold, Antimalarials, Arsenic, Ketoconazole, Minocycline, Tetracycline, Phenothiazines, Phenytoin, Sulphonamides., Blue nails, Minocycline, Bleomycine, Zidovudine (AZT), Antimalarials (HCl Cinacrine), Phenothiazines, Argyria, Brown nails, Cytotoxic Drugs, Resorcinol, Dinthranol, Potassium Permanganate, Silver Nitrate, Chlorpromazine, 5-Fluoro-uracil, Oxytetracycline, Minocycline, Henna, Nail enamels and hardeners, Ketoconazole, Psoralens, Acyclovir, Fetal Hydantoin Syndrome, Half-and-Half Nail (Proximal white, distal pink), Prednizone, Thallium Toxicity (Rat Poison), Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, Doxorubicin, Mechlorethamine Hydrochloride, Vincristine, Dacarbazine, Variable Patterns of Leukonychia, Cytotoxic Drugs, Emetine, Pilocarpine, Sulphonamide, Cortizone, Thallium Toxicity (Rat Poison), Antimony, Fluoride, Lead, Grey, Silver Salts, Phenolophthaleine, Onycholysis, Bleomycin, Doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, Retinoids, Photo-Onycholysis, Tetracyclines, Chlorpromazine, Chloramphenicol, Cephaloridine, Benoxaprofen, Thiazides, Psoralens (With UVA or Sunlight), Onychomadesis and Nail-Shedding, Cytotoxics, Antibiotics, Retinoids, Acute and Chronic Paronychia, Retinoid Therapy
Necrosis, demarcated, after IM injection: bismuth, mercury, sulfonamides, sulfapyridine, sulfathiazole, sulfasomidine, procaine penicillin, benzathine penicillin, streptomycin, chlortetracycline, quinine, camphor, eucalyptol, menthol, antihistamines, phenylbutazone, pyrazolone, vitamin B12, local anesthetics, dexamethasone, triamcinolone
Nodules: Iodides.
NOTE: Most systemic drugs causing photoallergy also cause phototoxicity.
Papulovesicular eruption: bendroflumethiazide, chlorthiazide, hydrochlorthiazide, trichlormethiazide, suramin (squamous syringometaplasia of the eccrine glands).
Pemphigus: aminophenazone, aminopyrine, arsenic, aspirin, azapropazone, bleomycin, captopril, cephadroxil, cephalexin, chloroquine, d-penicillamine (60% of the cases is pemphigus folliaceous), furosemide, gold salts, heroin, isoniazid, isotretinoin, levodopa, lysine acetylsalicylate, oxyphenylbutazone, penicillin and derivatives, phenobarbital, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, piroxicam, practolol, progesterone, propranolol, pyritinol, rifampicin, sulfonamides, sulfasalazine, thiamazole.
Petechiae: chlorpromazine, chlorthiazide, corticosteroids, cumarin, griseofulvin, hydrochlorthiazide, promethazine, reserpin, sulphonamides, sulfamethoxypyridazine, trichormethiazide.
Photosensitivity – photoallergy: fragrances, PABA, chlorthiazide, chlorpromazine, chlorpropamide, demethychlortetracycline, griseofulvin, nadisan, nalidixic acid, phenothiazine, promethazine, quinidine, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, itraconazole, reserpin, sulphonamides, thiazides, tolbutamide.
Phototoxicity: amiodarone (often, in 15-20%), benoxaprofen, coal tar and its derivatives, carprofen, chlorpromazine, darcabazine, demethychlortetracycline, 5-fluorouracil, furosemide, griseofulvin, hydrochlorothiazide, nalidixic acid, naproxen, piroxicam, quinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, fleroxacin, lomefloxacin, pefloxacin), methotrexate, PABA, thiazides, methoxalen, sulphonamides, tetracyclines (especially demeclocycline; less frequently doxycycline, oxytetracyline, and tetracycline, and rarely minocycline and methacycline), tiaprofenic acid, trimethyl psoralen, tolbutamide, tretinoin, isotretinoin, phenothiazines (especially chlorpromazine), furocoumarins of plants, vinblastine.
Pigmentation, Oral: Amiodazone, antimalarials, arsenic, AZT (zidovudine), busulfan, bleomycin, clofazimine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, gold, heroin, ketoconazole, lead, minocycline, nicotine, nitrogen mustard, oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, premarin, silver, tetracycline. Also seed and leaf chewing
Pityriasis rosea-like: arsenic, barbiturates, bismuth, captopril, clonidine, ketotifen, gold, meprobamate, methoxypromazine, metronidazole, tripelenaminne hydrochloride.
Polyarteritis nodosa: sulphonamides, thiuracil, iodides.
Pompholyx: acetylsalicylic acid, salicylates, trichophytin, penicillin, antibiotics, nickel.
Porphyria, cutaneous tarda: barbiturates, hydantoins, sulfonamides, antidiabetic agents, griseofulvin, isoniazid, hexachlorobenzene, nitrophenols, estrogens, diethylstilbestrol, oral contraceptives, androgens, tetracyclines.
Porphyria, variegata: barbiturates, sulfonamides, griseofulvin, stilbestrol, oral contraceptives.
Prurigo simplex subacuta: androgens, progesterone.
Pruritus: atropine, aurothioglucose, barbiturates, belladona, bismuth, codeine, cumarin, gold, griseofulvin, heparin, insulin, iodides, morphine, penicillin, phenobarbital, procaine, quinacrine, streptomycin, tetracycline, thiamine chloride, thiuracil, lacidipine, nizatidine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine.
Pruritus ani: chloroquine, codeine, tetracycline.
Pseudoporphyria: amiodarone, Brewer΄s yeast, bumetanide, carisoprodol / aspirin, chlorthalidone, cyclosporine, dapsone, diflunisal, etretinate, fluoroquinolones, furosemide, hydrochlorthiazide, ketoprofen, nalidixic acid, naproxen, pyridoxine, tetracyclines, UVA / PUVA, Vitamin of the B-complex, chronic renal insufficiency / mentenance dialysis, barbiturates, hydantoins, sulfonamides, antidiabetic agents, griseofulvin, isoniazid, hexachlorobenzene, nitrophenols, estrogens, diethylstilbestrol, oral contraceptives, androgens.
Psoriasis vulgaris, Total of Drugs that cause or exacerbate psoriasis: acebutolol, acitretin, aldesleukin, amiodarone, amoxicillin, ampicillin, arsenic, aspirin, atenolol, betaxolol, bisoprolol, captopril, carbamazepine, carteolol, carvedilol, celecoxib, chlorambucil, chloroquine, chlorthalidone, cimetidine, citalopram, clarithromycin, clomipramine, clonidine, co-trimoxazole, cyclosporine, dexfenfluramine, diclofenac, digoxin, diltiazem, dipyridamole, doxycycline enalapril, esmolol, flecainide, fluoxetine, fluoxymesterone, foscarnet, ganciclovir, gemfibrozil, glimepiride, glipizide, glyburide, gold & gold compounds, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (gcsf), hydroxychloroquine, ibuprofen, indomethacin, interferons alfa-2, ketoprofen, labetalol, letrozole, levamisole, lithium, meclofenamate, mefloquine, mesalamine, methyltestosterone, metoprolol, modafinil, nadolol, omeprazole, oral contraceptives, penbutolol, penicillamine, pentostatin, perindopril, pindolol, primaquine, propranolol, psoralens, quinidine, quinine, rabeprazole, ranitidine, risperidone, ritonavir, rivastigmine, ropinirole, sotalol, sulfamethoxazole, sulfasalazine, tacrine, terbinafine, terfenadine, testosterone, tetracycline, thiabendazole, thioguanine tiagabine, timolol, trazodone, venlafaxine, zaleplon.
Psoriasis vulgaris, usually exacerbation: angiotensin - converting enzyme inhibitors, GM - CSF, lithium, gold and metal salts (gold, arsenic), β - blockers (particularly practolol, propranolol, oxyprenolol, pindolol), antimalarial agents (chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, mepacrine, primaquine), quinidine, vaccinations, vitamin A derivatives, interferon-α, NSAIDs (indomethacin, phenylbutazone, acetylsalicylic acid, meclofenamate), iodine, clonidine, digoxine, testosterone, progesterone, tetracycline, terfenadine.
Psoriasis, pustular: acetylsalicylic acid, atenolol, carbamazepine, cyclosporines, diltiazem, sulfonamides, penicillin, salicylates, opiates, corticosteroids, antimalarial drugs (chloroquine, chloroquine-like compounds), arsenic, lithium, propranolol.
Purple" toes: cumarin
Purpura: ACTH, allopurinol, barbiturates, bendroflumethiazide, cabromal, captopril, χλωροφόρμιο, chlorthiazide, corticosteroids, cumarin, ephedrine, hydrochlorthiazide, iodides, meprobamate, mercury, penicillin, quinidine, sodium thiosulfate, trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole, sulphonamides, thiazides, trichlormethiazide, warfarin, phenprocoumon.
Purpura, fulminans: acetylsalicylic acid, cumarin, iodides.
Purpura, thrombocytopenic: chlorthiazide, hydrochlorthiazide, thiuracil.
Pustules: bromides, chloral hydrate, iodides, atenolol.
Pustulosis, Acute Generalised Exanthematous: acetaminophen / paracetamol, acetazolamide, acetylsalisylic acid, allopurinol, amoxapine, amoxicillin, ampicillin, bacampicillin, bufexamac, buphenine, calcium dobesilate, carbamazepine, carbutamide, cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, chloroquine, clindamycin, clobazam, clozapine, codeine, corticosteroids, co-trimoxazole, cyclines, diltiazem, doxycycline, erythromycin, furosemide, hydroxychloroquine, imipenem, isoniazid, itraconazole, josamycin, lansoprazole, mercury, metronidazole, minocycline, nadoxolol, nifedipine, nimodipine, nystatin, penicillin, phenytoin, phenobarbital, progestins, protease inhibitors, piperazine, pristinamycin, pyrimethamine, quinidine, ranitidine, roxithromycin, spiramycin, streptomycin, sulbutiamine, sulfasalazine, terbinafine, tetracyclines, ticlopidine, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin.
Scaling plaques: acetylsalicylic acid, codeine, gold, penicillin, quinine.
Scarlatiniform erythema: barbiturates, cinchophen, mercury, morphine, novobiocin, opium, penicillin, phenobarbital, pituitary extract, quinine, salicylates, streptomycin, sulphonamides, atropine.
Serum sickness: ATG, cephalosporins (urticarial lesions common in children), hydralazine, penicillin, phenylbutazone, sulphonamides, thiuracils.
SLE-like syndrome: antinphenothiazines, cholpromazine, vaccines, griseofulvin, hormones (estrogens, progesterone, oral contraceptives), hydantoin, hydralazine, isoniazide, isonicotinic hydrazide, 6-mercaptopurine, metal salts (bismuth, arsenic, gold), lithium, mephobarbital, methyldopa, methylthiouracil, methsuximide, paramethadione, penicillamin, penicillins, p-aminosalicylic acid, phenantoin, phenylbutazone, phenothiazines, phenytoin, practolol, primidone, procainamide, PUVA therapy, quinidine, reserpine, streptomycin, sulfasalazine, sulfonamides, trimethadione, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline (degraded).
Stevens - Johnson syndrome: amithiozone (thiacetazone), antipyrins, barbiturates, chloroquine, chlorpropamide, αντιβηχικά, lithium, meprovamate, paracetamol, phenobarbital, phenytoin, sulfathiazine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamerazine, trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole, sulfathiazol, sulphonamides, terbinafine, trimethadione, nimesulide.
Stomatitis: aurothioglucose, bismuth, chlorpromazine, cinchophen, phenytoin (gingivitis), fluorines, mesantoin, methotrexate, phenobarbital, streptomycin, thiuracil.
Telangiectasies: nifedipine (on the face).
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis: acetazolamide, acetylosalicyic acid, allopurinol, aminophenazone, aminopyrine, aminothiazole, amobarbital, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ancoloxin, anesthesin, antihistamines, antipyrins, anti-tetanus serum, barbiturates, belladonna alkaloids, benoxaprofen, boric acid powder, bromphenyramine, captopril, carbamazepine, carbutamide, chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol, clioquinol, codeine phosphate, diclofenac, dimethyl pyridine, Dover's powder, erythromycin, ethambutol, ethoform, fluconazole, formitrol, indomethacin, isoniazid, isoprenaline sulfate, dapsone, gold, ketoprofen, m-chlorophenol, meclizine, metanizol, methyl salicylate, naproxen, neomycin, nitrocarbazole, nitrofurantoin, NSAIDs, oleum chenopodii, oxyphenbutazone, p-aminosalicylic acid, paraldehyde, pethidine, phthalic acid derivatives, penicillines, phenacetin, phenazone, phenolphthalein, phenobarbital, phenothiazines, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, piroxicam, primidone, promethazine, prophenazone, rifampin, sulfadoxine / pyrimethamine, sulindac, salicylates, vaccines (for polyomyelitis, antitetanic serum), silver protein acetyl-tannate, spiramycin, streptomycin, sulfazalazine, sulfonamides, tetrachloroethylene, tetracycline, tiaprofenic acid, tinctura capsici, tolvutamide, trimethoprim -sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, vitamin B6.
Urticaria: ACTH, acetaminophen, acetylsalicylic acid, adriamycin, allopurinol, amoxicillin, ampicillin, aminoglycosides, antimonium, antipyrins, oral contraceptives, β-blockers, barbiturates, vitamins, blood products, calcitonin, cephalosporins, chloral hydrate, chlorpromazine, chloroquine, eucalyptus, erythromycin, φθοριούχα, γ-globulin, gold, griseofulvin (cold urticaria), hydantoins, hydralazine, hydroxychloroquine, insulin, isoniazide, iodides, cephalosporins, menthol, meperidine, meprovamate, mercury, metronidazole, miconazole, morphine, nalidixic acid, NSAIDs, opium, paraaminosalicylic acid, penicillin, paracetamol, phenobarbital, phenylbutazone, pilocarpine, procainamide, procaine, promethazine, quinidine, quinine, reserpine, rifampicin, σακχαρίνη, sulphonamides, thiamine chloride, thiuracil, trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazol, vancomycin, warfarin, phenprocoumon, heparin, zidovudine (AZT).
Vasculitis: allopurinol, barbiturates, thiazides, chlorpromazine, cimetidine, clindamycin, cyclobarbital, gold, methylthiuracil, penicillins, phenylbutazone, phenytoin, sulphonamides, thiuracil.
Vasculitis, necrotic: bishydroxycoumarin.